South Africa administers the Prince Edward Islands, two small uninhabited islands in the sub-Antarctic Indian Ocean. They are called Marion Island and Prince Edward Island. These islands are situated approximately 1,770 kilometers southeast of Cape Town, South Africa's legislative capital. The Prince Edward Islands are volcanic in origin, with Marion Island being the larger of the two, covering an area of approximately 290 square kilometers. Prince Edward Island, on the other hand, has an area of about 45 square kilometers. The islands' remote location and harsh climate, characterized by strong winds, rough seas, and limited accessibility, make them inhospitable to human habitation. The climate is primarily influenced by the Antarctic Polar Front, which brings cold air from the Antarctic region. The islands' terrain is rugged, with steep cliffs, rocky shores, and limited vegetation. Despite these challenging conditions, the Prince Edward Islands support a unique and diverse range of flora and fauna. Marion Island, in particular, is home to a wide variety of wildlife, including King Penguins, Macaroni Penguins, Elephant Seals, Antarctic Fur Seals, and several species of seabirds, such as the Wandering Albatross and the Sooty Albatross. The island's vegetation is limited, consisting mainly of mosses, lichens, and ferns, which are adapted to the harsh, wind-swept environment. Prince Edward Island, on the other hand, has a more limited range of wildlife, but is known for its unique flora, including several endemic species.
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