Marion Island

Marion Island

The largest of the Prince Edward Islands, Marion Island is 25.03 km long and 16.65 km wide, with an area of 290 km2 and approximately 72 km of coastline, the majority of which is high cliffs. Its highest point is Mascarin Peak, which reaches 1,242 meters above sea level. The Marion Island is one of the peaks of a huge underwater shield volcano that rises approximately 5,000 meters from the ocean floor to the top of Mascarin Peak. The island's isolation and lack of human habitation have allowed it to remain relatively undisturbed, providing a unique opportunity for scientific research and conservation. The South African National Antarctic Programme has established a permanent research station on the island, which conducts research on the island's biodiversity, ecology, and geology. The island's volcanic origin has also created a unique and diverse geological landscape, with numerous volcanic cones, lava flows, and ash deposits. The area's geology is characterized by a range of volcanic rocks, including basalts, andesites, and dacites, which provide valuable insights into the island's volcanic history. In addition to its geological significance, Marion Island is also an important habitat for a range of seabirds, including the Wandering Albatross, the Gray-Headed Albatross, the Southern Giant Petrel and four penguin species: King Penguins, Eastern Rockhopper Penguins, Gentoo Penguins and Macaroni Penguins. The island's rocky shores provide critical breeding and nesting habitats for these species, and the island's isolation has allowed these populations to remain relatively undisturbed. The island's importance as a seabird breeding ground has been recognized by BirdLife International, which has designated the island as an Important Bird Area.