Pigs
Pigs
Suidae
Intelligent and Adaptable Omnivores: Pigs (Suidae) are highly adaptable, intelligent mammals native to Europe, Asia, and Africa, though they have been introduced worldwide. Wild pigs, including the well-known Wild Boar (Sus scrofa), are the ancestors of domestic pigs and are found in diverse habitats like forests, grasslands, wetlands, and agricultural areas. There are about 16 living species of pigs, including the Warthog (Phacochoerus africanus), Bushpig (Potamochoerus larvatus), and the rare Babirusa (Babyrousa babyrussa). Most pigs are medium-sized, stocky animals with a large head, flexible snout for digging, small eyes, and prominent tusks used for defense and foraging. Adult pigs typically range from 55–210 cm (22–83 in) in length and weigh between 20–300 kg (44–660 lbs), depending on the species. Their diet is highly varied, consisting of roots, fruits, seeds, insects, small animals, and carrion, making them classic omnivores. Pigs are social animals, usually living in groups called sounders, made up of females and their young, while males are often more solitary. They communicate through a variety of grunts, squeals, and body language. Their excellent sense of smell helps them locate food underground, while their intelligence is considered among the highest in mammals. Some pig species, like the Babirusa, are notable for their unusual tusks that grow through the skin of their snout. Others, like the Warthog, have distinctive facial warts and curved tusks. Many wild pig populations are threatened by habitat loss, hunting, and hybridization with domestic pigs.