Starlings
Starlings
Sturnidae
The Masters of Murmuration: Starlings (Sturnidae) are among the most adaptable and intelligent birds on Earth, found across Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Best known for their dazzling, synchronized flight formations—called murmurations—these social birds create mesmerizing aerial displays, twisting and shifting in perfect unison. The Common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris), native to Europe and Asia but introduced worldwide, is a highly successful species, thriving in cities, farmlands, and woodlands. Their glossy, iridescent plumage changes with the seasons, often speckled with white spots in winter. Other species, like the iridescent Superb Starling (Lamprotornis superbus) of Africa, showcase even more vibrant metallic colors. Starlings are also exceptional mimics, capable of imitating a wide range of sounds, from other birds to human-made noises. Their complex vocalizations make them some of the most fascinating songbirds. While some species have declined due to habitat loss and pesticide use, others have become invasive, outcompeting native birds. Despite this, their intelligence, adaptability, and breathtaking murmurations continue to captivate birdwatchers worldwide.