California

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California
With an area of 423 970 km2, California is the third largest state in the United States after Alaska and Texas. California boasts many superlatives in its flora, such as the largest trees, tallest trees and oldest trees. Since California has the most diverse climate and topography, the state has six life zones: the Lower Sonoran Desert, Upper Sonoran, Transition, and the Canadian, Hudsonian and Arctic Zones, which encompass the highest elevations in the state. The plant life in the dry climate of the Lower Sonoran is characterized by a diversity of native cacti, mesquite and paloverde. The Joshua tree can be found in the Mojave Desert. Among the flowering plants are dwarf desert poppies and various aster plants. In the Central Valley, Fremont cottonwood and valley oak flourish. The transition zone contains most of California's forests, including the redwood and the "big tree" or giant sequoia, which are among the oldest living things on Earth, some said to be at least 4,000 years old. California's wildlife is also extremely diverse, with mammals in the deserts of the lower Sonoran include jackrabbit, Kangaroo Rat, squirrel and opossum. Among the common birds are the owl, the roadrunner and various species of hawk. Reptiles in the area include the Sidewinder Viper, Desert Tortoise and Horned Toad. And the upper Sonoran zone boasts mammals like the antelope, Brown-Footed Woodrat and Ring-Tailed Cat. Some of the birds unique to this area include the California Thrasher, the American Bushtit and the California Condor. The transition zone is home to Colombian Black-Tailed Deer, Black Bears, Grey Foxes, cougars, bobcats and Roosevelt Elk.