Somaliland

Home - Special Status Areas - Somaliland
Somaliland
Somaliland, a self-declared state in the Horn of Africa, is a region rich in history, culture, and natural resources. The region was a British protectorate from the late 19th century until 1960, when it gained independence and merged with Italian Somalia to form the Somali Republic. However, the union was short-lived, and in 1991, Somaliland declared independence from Somalia following a civil war. Due to its location between the temperate and tropical zones, Somaliland's wildlife is incredibly diverse. More than 727 species of birds and 177 species of mammals live in the area. The country's unique geography, which includes arid deserts, lush forests, and rugged mountains, supports an astonishing array of flora and fauna. One of the most notable features of Somaliland's wildlife is its impressive collection of large mammals. The country is home to several endangered species, including the critically endangered Somali Wild Ass, which is found only in this region. Other iconic species, such as the lion, civet, serval, Sudan Cheetah, leopard, and African Bush Elephant, also roam freely in Somaliland's vast wilderness. In addition, the country is a vital habitat for numerous antelope species, including the impala, kudu, and oryx. Somaliland's avifauna is equally impressive, with many species of birds that are found nowhere else in the world. The country's diverse landscape supports a wide range of bird habitats, from the arid scrublands of the north to the lush forests of the south. Some of the most striking bird species found in Somaliland. The country is also an important stopover point for many migratory bird species, including the European Bee-Eater.