Portugal

Portugal is lying along the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe. Bordering Spain to the east and north, the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south, Portugal's unique geographical location has played a significant role in shaping its rich history and cultural heritage. The country's terrain is characterized by mountains, forests, and coastal plains, providing a diverse range of ecosystems that support a wide variety of flora and fauna. Portugal's long coastline, which stretches for approximately 1,793 kilometers, has been instrumental in the country's development as a major seafaring nation. The country's strategic location at the mouth of the Douro River, which flows from the Spanish border to the Atlantic, facilitated the establishment of the Port of Lisbon, one of the busiest ports in Europe. This proximity to the ocean has not only fostered a strong maritime tradition but has also enabled Portugal to establish itself as a significant player in international trade and commerce. The country's capital, Lisbon, is a vibrant city that seamlessly blends traditional and modern architecture, showcasing the nation's complex history and cultural evolution. The city is home to numerous historic landmarks, including the Jerónimos Monastery, the Tower of Belém, and the Castle of São Jorge, all of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. These iconic monuments serve as a testament to Portugal's storied past, marked by the Age of Discoveries, during which the country's explorers and navigators, such as Vasco da Gama and Ferdinand Magellan, ventured into the unknown, establishing new trade routes and expanding the Portuguese Empire.