The largest island of Cape Verde, Santiago Island is the main agricultural center and home to half the country's population. Santiago is home to Praia, the country's capital city. With 1915 terrestrial species identified, of which 289 are endemic, Santiago has the most varied flora and fauna in Cape Verde. Also, the most forested island in Cape Verde, with 38% of its territory covered by forest. The island's only protected areas are the Serra do Pico de António and Serra Malagueta Natural Parks, which cover 3.68% of the island. Most of the slopes and ridges of the Serra do Pico de António are covered with eucalyptus and other trees. The area has been designated an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International, as it is home to the Peregrine Falcon, Red Kite, Long-Legged Buzzards, Alexander's Swifts, Cape Verde Warblers and Lago Sparrow. The Serra Malagueta National Park contains some 124 plant species, 28 of which are endemic species or subspecies. Endemic plants are threatened by invasive species introduced from outside the park. Limonium lobinii is now found only in this park. This park is home to 19 bird species, eight of which are endemic. Many of them are endangered, including the Bourne's Heron, the Cape Verde Warbler and the Cape Verde Buzzard. There are four species of mammals, including a species of monkey.
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